Fig. 1: Proteomic analysis workflow and quality control. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Proteomic analysis workflow and quality control.

From: A longitudinal cohort study uncovers plasma protein biomarkers predating clinical onset and treatment response of rheumatoid arthritis

Fig. 1

a Schematic design of the study (created with BioRender.com. Sun, R. (2025) https://BioRender.com/6iee3nb). b Bar plot (left) and pie charts (right) depicting the age and sex group distribution across different clinical subgroups. c Distribution of log2-transformed protein (n = 996) intensities normalized to those of common reference samples. Box plots showing the median (center line), the 25th and 75th percentiles (bounds of box), and the minimum and maximum values (whiskers). d Cumulative number of identified proteins for healthy controls (blue, n = 99), at-risk individuals (violet, n = 60), and RA patients (red, n = 278). ACPA+ indicates ACPA-positive, and ACPA− indicates ACPA-negative. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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