Fig. 2: STM characterisation of polymer 2. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: STM characterisation of polymer 2.

From: Revealing polymerisation defects and formation mechanisms in aldol condensation for conjugated polymers via high-resolution molecular imaging

Fig. 2

a Large-scale STM image of copolymer 2 acquired in a high coverage area (70 nm × 70 nm, V = 950 mV, I = 78 pA). b High-resolution STM image of a high coverage area (10 nm × 10 nm, V = 51 mV, I = 90 pA) showing coupling defects. Pink and orange ovals highlight different types of kinks in the polymer backbone and correspond to c2 and c3 defects, respectively, as illustrated in Fig. 3a. c High-resolution STM image of an isolated polymer showing sequence defects (10 nm × 10 nm, V = 149 mV, I = 120 pA). Letters A and B refer to the two comonomers of polymer 2 defined in Fig. 1. Scaled molecular models of the polymer are superimposed on the upper part of image (b) and on image (c).

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