Fig. 3: 7Li NMR-based quantification of capacity losses for Cu||NMC622 and coated Cu||NMC622 NMR pouch cells.

a Evolution of discharge capacity (QDis), Coulombic efficiency (CEff), and state-of-health (SOH) for Cu||NMC622 and coated Cu||NMC622 coin and NMR pouch cells. b Cumulative allocation of the initial charge capacity to reversible capacity, excess capacity, interphase capacity, and dead lithium capacity for Cu||NMC622 NMR pouch cells. c Linear fit of the capacity losses for both negative electrodes with increasing cycle number. d Cumulative allocation of the initial charge capacity to reversible capacity, excess lithium, interphase capacity, and dead lithium for Cu||NMC622 and coated Cu||NMC622 pouch cells. In all graphs, error bars represent standard deviation between at least two nominally identical measurements with different cells. Electrolyte: LHCE.