Fig. 2: Characterization of SAMs modified ITO substrate.
From: Flexibility meets rigidity: a self-assembled monolayer materials strategy for perovskite solar cells
a The electrostatic potential surfaces of 2PATPA and PATPA. b Energy levels obtained from the UPS results based on devices of ITO/2PATPA/PVK and ITO/PATPA/ PVK (The Band diagrams reference to the Fermi level (EF) and consider band bending at the interface). c ELF in the SAM molecular region on the perovskite surface. d XPS mapping images of SAM molecules on ITO with scale bar of 50 nm. (In represents ITO, and N and P represent SAMs). e The Kelvin probe force microscopy images of 2PATPA and PATPA with scale bar of 1 μm. f The contact potential difference image of 2PATPA and PATPA.
