Fig. 5: Spatial-mode-multiplexed vectorial holography.
From: Complete vectorial optical mode converter using multi-layer metasurface
a Configuration of the spatial-mode-multiplexed vectorial holography with a four-layer MS. The top inset shows the input cylindrical vector beam (CVB) profiles with topological orders q of +1 (left; m = 1, 2) and +2 (right; m = 3, 4). Arrows indicate the polarization orientation within the beam that rotates by 2πq along the azimuth. b Analyzed polarization states Pm and \({P}_{m}^{{\prime} }\) (m = 1, 2, 3, 4) in the Stokes space, which composes a regular hexahedron. c Profiles of the optimized MS parameters α(l)(r), β(l)(r), and γ(l)(r) (l = 1, 2, 3, 4) on 0.6-μm-spacing grids. d Vectorial holographic images obtained at the output plane for two polarization states, \(| {a}_{m,{P}_{m}}^{{{\rm{out}}}}({{\bf{r}}}){| }^{2}\) and \(| {a}_{m,{P}_{m}^{{\prime} }}^{{{\rm{out}}}}({{\bf{r}}}){| }^{2}\) (m = 1, 2, 3, 4). e Profiles of the geometric meta-atom parameters Dα, Dβ, and \({\gamma }^{{\prime} }\). f Output holographic images when the geometric parameters shown in (e) are used.
