Fig. 2: Identification of genes required for replication and maintenance of pOXA-48 plasmid.

a Tn-Seq analysis of transposon insertion abundance across the pOXA-48 plasmid represented as Log1p(reads/gene). The mean of reads (filled line) with SD (dotted lines) are represented. Genes are color-coded based on their predicted function. b Read coverage of transposon insertions around the repCBA locus. The schematic below shows the genomic context of these replication-related genes, highlighting regulatory elements, including the antisense RNA molecule RNAI and the origin of replication (oriV). c Tn-Seq read distribution for the korC gene and its neighboring region. The putative binding sites of KorC are shown below, along with the predicted promoter regions and the orf24’s codon start. d Read counts for the transposon insertions across the resD, parA, parB, nuc, orf19, orf20, and orf21 genes. e Stability assay of pOXA-48 plasmid derivatives with deletions of parA, parB, and nuc over 40 generations. The percentage of cells retaining the plasmid was measured at different time points, and the mean and SD of three independent clones are represented. f Effect of the orf19 deletion on cell growth was monitored by measuring the optical density at 600 nm (OD₆₀₀). The mean and SD of three independent clones are shown. g Stability assay of pOXA-48 plasmid deleted of orf19 at time 0 and after 40 generations. The percentage of cells retaining the plasmid is estimated from three independent clones (white dots).