Fig. 9: Fasting required for spatial memory recognition in both sexes of 3xTg mice.

A–J Behavioral phenotyping after 3xTg mice were on ad libitum (AL), Diluted AL (DL) or Caloric Restricted (CR with fasting between once-daily meals) diets for 6 months. Latency of target in Barnes Maze during training (A) and in short term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM) tests by female mice (B). Error hole visits during training (C) in STM and LTM tests by female mice (D). E STM and LTM tests from NOR assay (A–E) n = 8 AL, n = 6 DL and n = 8 CR fed 3xTg biologically independent female mice. Latency of target in Barnes Maze during training (F) and in STM and LTM tests by male mice (G). Error hole visits during training (H) in STM and LTM tests by male mice (I). J STM and LTM tests from NOR assay (F–J) n = 8 AL, n = 8 DL and n = 8 CR fed 3xTg biologically independent male mice. A, C, F, H Two-way RM ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test vs. AL; *p < 0.05 AL vs DL, # p < 0.05 AL vs CR. B, D, E, G, I, J Statistics for the overall effect of diet (D), time (T) and the interaction (DxT) represent the p value from a two-way ANOVA; *p < 0.05 from a two-tailed Sidak’s post-test examining the effect of parameters identified as significant in the two-way ANOVA. The overall effect of sex (S) represents the p-value from a separately completed three-way ANOVA. A AL vs CR #p = 0.0030 (day 3), AL vs DL *p = 0.0462, AL vs CR #p = 0.0013 (day 4), AL vs CR #p = 0.0320 (STM), AL vs CR #p = 0.0424 (LTM). C AL vs DL *p = 0.0126, AL vs CR #p = 0.058 (day 4), AL vs CR #p = 0.0097 (LTM). D STM; AL vs CR *p = 0.0074, LTM; DL vs CR *p = 0.0013. F AL vs CR #p = 0.0094 (STM), AL vs CR #p = 0.0160 (LTM) (H) AL vs DL *p = 0.0030, AL vs CR #p = 0.0383 (day 1), AL vs DL *p = 0.0227 (day 4), AL vs CR #p = 0.0157 (STM), AL vs CR #p = 0.0102 (LTM). I STM; AL vs CR *p = 0.0102, LTM; AL vs CR *p = 0.00024. Data represented as mean ± SEM. NOR: Novel Object Recognition, BM: Barnes Maze. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.