Fig. 4: Effects of rhEPO on OL differentiation and maturation. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Effects of rhEPO on OL differentiation and maturation.

From: Transcriptional dynamics of the oligodendrocyte lineage and its regulation by the brain erythropoietin system

Fig. 4

a Overview of the hippocampus showing OPC/COP/NFOL marker BCAS1 (red), OPC marker NG2 (yellow), and OL marker OLIG2 (green) staining. Left: White frames denote areas a1-a4, magnified on the right. a1 illustrates early OPC (BCAS1-NG2+OLIG2+), characterized by small soma with few ramifications; a2 illustrates late OPC (BCAS1+NG2+OLIG2+) characterized by large soma with more ramifications; a3 illustrates COP (BCAS1+NG2-OLIG2+) characterized by large soma with numerous ramifications; a4 show NFOL (BCAS1+NG2-OLIG2+) characterized by large soma with parallel arranged ramifications; white solid arrows indicate early OPC, late OPC, COP and NFOL, respectively. b–d Quantification of late OPC/COP/NFOL (BCAS1+OLIG2+), late OPC (BCAS1+NG2+OLIG2+), and COP/NFOL (BCAS1+NG2-OLIG2+) in CA1 and CA3 after 24 h of rhEPO/placebo. e Representative images displaying COP marker BMP4, OL marker OLIG2, and DAPI staining in CA1 after 1 week of rhEPO/placebo. White arrow heads indicate BMP4+NG2- OL. f Quantification of COP (BMP4+NG2-OLIG2+) in CA1 and CA3 after 1 week of rhEPO/placebo. g Representative images displaying late OPC/COP/NFOL marker BCAS1, MOL marker CC1, OL marker OLIG2, and DAPI staining. White solid arrow indicates NFOL (BCAS1+CC1+OLIG2+); white hollow arrows indicate MOL1/2 (BCAS1-CC1+OLIG2+). h–j Quantification of late OPC/COP/NFOL, late OPC/COP, and NFOL in CA1 and CA3 after 3 weeks of rhEPO/placebo. k–m Quantification in CA1 and CA3 of late OPC/COP/NFOL, late OPC/COP (BCAS1+CC1-OLIG2+), and NFOL (BCAS1+CC1+OLIG2+) at 4 weeks after initiation of rhEPO/placebo. n Quantification of MOL (CC1+ OLIG2+) at 1 week, 3 weeks and 4 weeks after initiation of rhEPO/placebo. o Sketch summarizing the course of MOL number changes at 1 week, 3 weeks and 4 weeks after initiation of rhEPO/placebo. Scale bars in a,e,g: 50 µm; mean ± SEM presented, n (number of mice) given inside the bars; unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test, except for b (CA1), m (CA1), n (MOL W3, CA3), where two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test was performed. o Created in BioRender. ye, l. (2025) https://BioRender.com/s87m1ln. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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