Fig. 8: Precise plaque segmentation with deep neural networks and visualizations.

a Comparisons with the existing segmentation models on the test set (best result in bold). b Precision-Recall curve for vascular region detection to guide plaque segmentation. (c) Visual comparison of plaque prediction results between our method and other approaches. d–f The visualization results are used to determine the presence of clear structures, localize the measurement position, and predict the final anatomical keypoint, respectively.