Table 1 Behavioral measures of the HCP cohort (n = 991)

From: Gene transcription, neurotransmitter, and neurocognition signatures of brain structural-functional coupling variability

Domain

Subdomain

Measure Name

CC

SD

p

Alertness

Cognitive Status

Mini-Mental Status Exam Total Score

−0.10

0.05

0.03

 

Sleep

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Total Score

0.45

0.05

<0.001*

 

Subjective sleep quality

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Component 1 Score

0.34

0.04

<0.001*

 

Sleep latency

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Component 2 Score

0.35

0.04

<0.001*

 

Sleep duration

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Component 3 Score

0.15

0.05

<0.001*

 

Habitual sleep efficiency

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Component 4 Score

0.17

0.05

<0.001*

 

Sleep disturbances

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Component 5 Score

0.22

0.04

<0.001*

 

Use of sleep medications

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Component 6 Score

0.15

0.04

<0.001*

 

Daytime dysfunction

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Component 7 Score

0.43

0.04

<0.001*

Cognition

Episodic memory

Picture Sequence Memory Test

0.03

0.05

0.62

 

Executive function/Cognitive flexibility

Dimensional Change Card Sort Test

0.03

0.06

0.61

 

Executive function/inhibition

Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test

0.04

0.05

0.45

 

Fluid intelligence

Penn Progressive Matrices

0.03

0.06

0.62

 

Language/reading decoding

Oral Reading Recognition Test

0.03

0.07

0.62

 

Language/vocabulary comprehension

Picture Vocabulary Test

−0.02

0.06

0.72

 

Processing speed

Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test

−0.01

0.05

0.77

 

Self-regulation/ impulsivity

Delay Discounting: Area Under the Curve for Discounting of $200

−0.03

0.05

0.51

 

Self-regulation/ impulsivity

Delay Discounting: Area Under the Curve for Discounting of $40,000

−0.01

0.05

0.82

 

Spatial orientation

Variable Short Penn Line Orientation Test

0.02

0.06

0.76

 

Sustained attention

Short Penn Continuous Performance Test_Sensitivity

0.01

0.05

0.77

 

Sustained attention

Short Penn Continuous Performance Test_Specificity

−0.05

0.05

0.37

 

Verbal episodic memory

Penn Word Memory Test

−0.07

0.05

0.21

 

Working memory

List Sorting Working Memory Test

−0.04

0.06

0.50

 

Fluid cognition

Dimensional Change Card Sort Test, Flanker, Picture Sequence Memory, List Sorting, and Pattern Comparison measures

0.12

0.07

0.10

 

Early childhood cognition

Picture Sequence Memory, Dimensional Change Card Sort Test, Flanker, and Picture Vocabulary

0.14

0.08

0.07

 

Cognitive function

All NNIH Toolbox Cognition measures

0.12

0.08

0.13

 

Crystallized cognition

Picture Vocabulary and Reading Recognition measures

0.10

0.07

0.18

Emotion

Emotion recognition

Penn Emotion Recognition Test

0.01

0.05

0.91

 

Anger

Anger-Affect Survey

0.68

0.03

<0.001*

 

Hostility and cynicism

Anger-Hostility Survey

0.56

0.03

<0.001*

 

Aggression

Anger-Physical Aggression Survey

0.33

0.04

<0.001*

 

Fear and anxious misery

Fear-Affect Survey

0.67

0.03

<0.001*

 

Somatic symptoms of anxiety

Fear-Somatic Arousal Survey

0.34

0.04

<0.001*

 

Sadness

Sadness Survey

0.74

0.02

<0.001*

 

Life satisfaction

General Life Satisfaction Survey

−0.58

0.04

<0.001*

 

Meaning and purpose

Meaning and Purpose Survey

−0.55

0.04

<0.001*

 

Positive affect

Positive Affect Survey

−0.61

0.04

<0.001*

 

Friendship

Friendship Survey

−0.56

0.04

<0.001*

 

Loneliness

Loneliness Survey

0.71

0.03

<0.001*

 

Hostility

Perceived Hostility Survey

0.55

0.03

<0.001*

 

Rejection

Perceived Rejection Survey

0.68

0.03

<0.001*

 

Emotional support

Emotional Support Survey

−0.63

0.04

<0.001*

 

Instrumental support

Instrumental Support Survey

−0.47

0.04

<0.001*

 

Stress

Perceived Stress Survey

0.75

0.02

<0.001*

 

Self-efficacy

Self-Efficacy Survey

−0.45

0.04

<0.001*

Motor

Endurance

2 min walk test

0.00

0.05

0.98

 

Locomotion

4-meter walk test

−0.04

0.04

0.40

 

Dexterity

9-hole Pegboard

−0.10

0.05

0.03

 

Strength

Grip Strength Dynamometry

−0.03

0.04

0.39

Personality

Agreeableness

Five Factor Model

−0.41

0.04

<0.001*

 

Openness

Five Factor Model

−0.01

0.05

0.80

 

Conscientiousness

Five Factor Model

−0.39

0.04

<0.001*

 

Neuroticism

Five Factor Model

0.64

0.03

<0.001*

 

Extraversion

Five Factor Model

−0.43

0.04

<0.001*

Sensory

Audition

Words in Noise

0.06

0.05

0.23

 

Olfaction

Odor Identification Test

0.10

0.04

0.01

 

Pain

Pain Intensity and Interference Surveys

0.27

0.04

<0.001*

 

Taste

Regional Taste Intensity Test

0.03

0.04

0.46

 

Contrast sensitivity

Mars Contrast Sensitivity

−0.03

0.02

0.21

  1. The correlation coefficient (CC) denotes Pearson’s correlation between participants’ behavioral measures and their behavioral composite scores. These correlations show the contribution of each behavioral measure to the first latent component, along with their bootstrap-estimated standard deviations (SD). The p-values were corrected by FDR and were determined based on one-sided tests. Asterisk indicates correlations with significant bootstrapped Z scores (pFDR < 0.05).
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