Fig. 4: BdTOM1 polymorphisms among Brachypodium distachyon accessions.

a Association of nonsynonymous SNP variants in BdTOM1 with seedling fresh weight for 153 B. distachyon accessions grown under NC or HC (Supplementary Data 1). A total of 153 B. distachyon accessions were classified into two haplotype groups, Bd21-type (n = 52) and Bd21-3-type (n = 101), based on their BdTOM1 genotype (Supplementary Data 2). Orange: Bd21-type; blue: Bd21-3-type. The center lines represent the median, box limits represent the 25th and 75th percentiles, whiskers extend to the minimum and maximum values within 1.5 times the interquartile range, and the violin shapes show the data distribution density. A Wilcoxon rank-sum U test was conducted to evaluate the differences between the two groups. b Geographical distribution of BdTOM1 haplotypes in Turkey. Latitude and longitude for each accession are shown. The Bd21 and Bd21-3 accessions were collected near Salakudin in Iraq. The sampling locations of 50 Bd21-type accessions (orange) and 97 Bd21-3-type accessions (blue) were obtained from previously published data⁷² (Supplementary Data 3). Images show latitudes 33° to 43.5° and longitudes 25° to 50°. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.