Fig. 4: Latitudinal zonation of permafrost sensitivity to changes in precipitation.

Sensitivity of four key attributes is shown: a active layer thickness (ALT), b temperature at the top of permafrost (TTOP), c permafrost temperature at a depth of 10 m (PT10m), and d permafrost temperature at a depth of 15 m (PT15m). Sensitivity is defined as the slope of each permafrost attribute (ALT, TTOP, PT10m, PT15m) with respect to changes in precipitation, determined through linear regression analysis. Error bars in a–d represent the standard errors of the slope and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r).