Fig. 3: L-DOPA supplementation exerts a hormesis effect. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: L-DOPA supplementation exerts a hormesis effect.

From: Dietary L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) augments cuticular melanization in Anopheles mosquitos reducing their lifespan and malaria burden

Fig. 3

a Daily proportion of surviving mosquitoes after L-DOPA feeding in 1.5% sugar meal at various supplementation concentrations. Each survival curve represents pooled data from three independent experiments (n = 75). Survival curves for L-DOPA-fed mosquitoes were compared statistically to the survival curves of control mosquitoes using Log-rank Mantel-Cox tests, df = 8, Chi square= 252.2, p < 0.0001; ns not significant, *p = 0.0113, 0.6 mM, **p = 0.0007, 0.2 mM, ****p < 0.0001, 2 mM − 10 mM. b Cumulative survival percentage at days 4, 8 and 14 shows how mosquitoes adapt to the toxic effects of L-DOPA at concentrations below and above 1 mM over time. c Daily proportion of surviving mosquitoes after dopamine feeding in 1.5% sugar meal at various supplementation concentrations. Each survival curve represents pooled data from three independent experiments (n = 75). Survival curves for dopamine-fed mosquitoes were compared statistically to the survival curves of control mosquitoes using Log-rank Mantel–Cox tests, df = 4, Chi-square 57.67, p < 0.0001; ns not significant, ****p < 0.0001, 2 mM. d Cumulative survival percentage at days 4, 8 and 14 shows highly toxic effects of dopamine over time and striking death observations for sugar-fed control mosquitoes. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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