Fig. 4: Effect of Pt coordination environment on adsorption and activation behavior.

a X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) valence band spectra of Pt, with the inner values representing the calculated charge differential density. b In situ DRIFTS results for C3H8 + N2 and C3H8 + O2 + N2 at 200 °C. c Calculated energy barrier for C3H8 activation. d O2-temperature-programmed desorption (O2-TPD) profile of PtSA/CeZrO2 and PtSA/CeO2. e Selected snapshots from the Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) trajectory illustrating O2 activation on the catalysts at 400 °C.