Fig. 5: iCOOP and COOP close to the Fermi level.

Zoom-ins of the iCOOP (solid lines) and COOP (dashed lines) for Cu(111) (orange), Ag(111) (gray), and Au(111) (yellow) as shown in Fig. 4d–f. The filled binding states close to the Fermi level are shaded in orange (Cu) and gray (Ag).