Fig. 3: Deconstructing the BEF across geographic regions.

The effects of Hill diversity emphasising abundance effects (i.e., diversity D_ℓ=10) on total community abundance across a temperate and b tropical regions. The effects of Hill diversity on per-capita biomass production (g indiv⁻¹ 500 m⁻² day⁻¹) across c temperate and d tropical regions. Hexagons denote the density of the raw data and are coloured by the number of observations per bin. The thick black lines are the median fitted trends from 400 randomly sampled draws. The insets in (a, c) show the posterior distributions of the estimated slope coefficients for tropical and temperate regions in red and blue, respectively. The points denote the median estimates and the thick and thin bars represent the 50% and 90% credible intervals, respectively. Note the 50% credible intervals in (a) are nearly too narrow to be shown. Coefficient estimates for all models can be found in Table S2. Note all y axes are on the log₁₀ scale. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.