Fig. 1: Brief concept and characteristics of ENCs.
From: Time to strengthen the governance of new contaminants in the environment
If environmental contaminants are visualized as an iceberg, the tip of the iceberg above the water represents contaminants effectively regulated by international conventions, environmental standards, etc. The majority of the iceberg beneath the surface symbolizes ENCs, which remain unregulated. The bar chart illustrates the number of contaminants currently included in international and regional water, soil, and air quality standards (see Supplementary Table 2).
