Fig. 3: Measurement of ionic wind and cooling flux.
From: Electrostatic field-enabled ultra-efficient evaporative cooling
a Effects of ionic wind blockage on evaporation flux (\({m}_{{{{\rm{evap}}}}}\)) and ionic current. Scatter plots in light green represent 2-min average values for \({m}_{{{{\rm{evap}}}}}\), while the green horizontal line segments represent the averages for the entire segments (error bars represent ±standard deviation) [Inset: Schematic of the wind-blocking setup]. b Effect of ionic wind blockage on water temperature. c Correlation between average measured wind velocity (\(u\)) and ionic current, plotted against voltage [Inset: Schematic of the wind measurement setup]. d Variations of evaporative cooling flux (\({q}_{{{{\rm{cool}}}}}\)) and heat convection coefficient (\({h}_{{{{\rm{conv}}}}}\)) with wind velocity. Dashed lines represent simulated results from COMSOL. Data shown in (c, d) are mean ± standard deviation (≥3 measurements).
