Fig. 2: Splitting phenomenon of polarization switching peak in I–V curve of HZO-CAP induced by connection with DE-CAP in series.

a Theoretical prediction of change in energy landscape and P–V loop when the TFE-CAP is connected to a DE-CAP in series. b Schematics of experiment setup to confirm the theoretical prediction. cI–V and P–V diagram of single HZO-CAP, after DE-CAP connection and after DE-CAP disconnection, respectively. The single polarization switching peak in I–V curve of single HZO-CAP splits into two peaks after connecting the DE-CAP. And, the I–V curves of HZO-CAP before connecting and after removing DE-CAP connection are basically the same.