Fig. 3: Construction and morphology of CZP@LC nanoplatforms.

A Schematic of the synthesis of CZP@LC. B Representative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of CZ, CZP, CZ@LC, and CZP@LC. C Elemental mapping confirmed the presence of C, N, Cu, and Zn in CZP@LC. D Agarose gel electrophoresis of various nanoparticles; Lane 1: DNA hyperladder; Lane 2: pure LC plasmid; Lanes 3–5: PG3@LC, CZ@LC and CZP@LC treated at pH 7.4 for 2 days; Lanes 6–8: PG3@LC, CZ@LC and CZP@LC treated at pH 6.0 for 2 days.