Fig. 1: Inflammatory cytokines increase with age in patients with malaria.
From: Age is an intrinsic driver of inflammatory responses to malaria
Thirteen analytes were measured in plasma from 97 individuals with acute malaria (78 male (80%), age 21[15–45] years (median [IQR])). a Scatter plot of parasitemia (log10 parasites/µL) and age (years). Solid lines are LOESS fit curves with error bands of 95% confidence interval. Spearman’s Rho and p are indicated. b Correlation matrix of inflammatory cytokines (pg/mL(log10)), age (years) and parasitemia (log10 parasites/μL). Correlations with p > 0.05 are blank and point size scales with Spearman’s Rho. c Individual correlation plots of analytes with significant associations with age. Dashed Horizontal lines represent upper limit of quantification plus one (red: ULOQ +1) and lower limit of quantification minus one (black: LLOQ −1). Solid lines are LOESS fit curves with error bands of 95% confidence interval. Analyte concentration for patients with and without d rigors or e myalgia (muscle pain). Dots represent individuals. Spearman’s Rho and p are indicated in scatterplots. All p are two-sided, with no adjustments for multiple comparisons. Tukey boxplots used for discrete comparisons with Mann–Whitney U test. Centre line representing the median, box limits indicating the upper and lower quartiles, whiskers extending to 1.5 times the interquartile range.
