Fig. 5: Ace-Resi promotes NK activation, decreases T-regs, and reduces T cell exhaustion in the brain.

A Percent of natural killer (NK) cells in the brain that are positive for both IFNγ and granzyme B (GzmB) over time. n = 4 healthy, n = 3 tumor, n = 3 Ace-Blank, and n = 5 Ace-Resi mice, one independent experiment. Data are presented as mean ± SD. P-value, one-way ANOVA at each timepoint, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test with respect to healthy and tumor controls. B Representative day 7 dot plots demonstrating IFNγ and GzmB expression of NK cells in the brain. C Percent of CD4⁺ T cells that are positive for T-reg markers (Foxp3⁺ CD25⁺) in the brain over time. n = 9 healthy, n = 5−7 tumor, n = 3−6 Ace-Blank, and n = 5−11 Ace-Resi mice at each timepoint, two independent experiments. Data are presented as mean ± SD. P-value, one-way ANOVA at each timepoint, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test with respect to healthy and tumor controls. D Representative day 7 dot plots of Tregs in the brain. E Frequency of exhausted (PD1⁺ Lag3⁺) CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T cells on Day 10. n = 5 healthy, n = 5 tumor, n = 3 Ace-Blank, and n = 5 Ace-Resi mice, one independent experiment. Data are presented as mean ± SD. P-value, one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. F Counts of exhausted (PD1⁺ Lag3⁺) CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T cells on Day 10. n = 5 healthy, n = 5 tumor, n = 3 Ace-Blank, and n = 5 Ace-Resi mice, one independent experiment. Data are presented as mean ± SD. P-value, one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test.