Fig. 3: Stratigraphically calibrated phylogenetic topologies showing hypothesized relationships of Joaquinraptor casali gen. et sp. nov. to other megaraptorans.

a Strict consensus of most parsimonious trees (MPTs) recovered by analysis 1, which included all taxa in the phylogenetic data matrix. b Strict consensus of MPTs recovered by analysis 2, which was conducted after pruning Aoniraptor libertatem. Note general geographic and stratigraphic congruence of taxa in (b), with earliest diverging megaraptorans known from the Early Cretaceous (Valanginian–Aptian) of Asia (Thailand and Japan), earliest diverging megaraptorids from the mid-Cretaceous (Cenomanian–Turonian) of Australia (New South Wales and Queensland), and derived megaraptorids from South America (Argentinean Patagonia), mostly from the Late Cretaceous (Coniacian–Maastrichtian). Abbreviation: MC1 Megaraptorid Clade 1. Silhouettes at selected nodes by T. Tischler (Megaraptora; https://www.phylopic.org/images/c6099e64-f64e-4685-89a8-10185713ba65/australovenator-wintonensis), Jagged Fang Designs (Megaraptoridae, https://www.phylopic.org/images/236a6e22-f960-46c2-acf1-3fc23c38a60a/aerosteon-riocoloradensis), and T. Dixon (MC1; https://www.phylopic.org/images/df11d20b-642f-4af2-b524-7a6c073a29b7/maip-macrothorax), respectively.