Fig. 7: Schematic representation of tectonic and climatic influences on organic carbon burial.

a During intervals characterized by lower tectonic intensity, relatively stable depositional settings and modest volcanic input may enhance the expression of orbital signals in sedimentary archives. These conditions support high biological productivity and promote the rhythmic accumulation and preservation of organic-rich sediments. b In contrast, intervals with elevated tectonic intensity are associated with increased subduction, mid-ocean ridge activity, and continental volcanism. These factors may amplify climate variability and disturb sedimentary environments through enhanced topographic reorganization, fluctuating nutrient fluxes, and altered hydrological regimes. These disruptions reduce biological productivity and the capacity for organic matter burial, leading to less organic-rich sediment accumulation.