Table 1 Study cohort characteristics

From: Monitoring changes in vitamin D levels during the COVID-19 pandemic with routinely-collected laboratory data

 

Pre-pandemic

Pandemic

p value

 

(N = 153,829)

(N = 138,358)

 

Age, years (N, [%])

18–39

35,184 [22.9]

37,952 [27.4]

p = 2.09 × 10−177

40–59

57,306 [37.3]

50,265 [36.3]

p = 2.38 × 10−7

60+

61,339 [39.9]

50,141 [36.2]

p = 1.09 × 10−90

Gender (N, [%])

Female

98,910 [64.3]

87,801 [63.5]

p = 2.40 × 10−6

Male

54,919 [35.7]

50,557 [36.5]

p = 2.40 × 10−6

Season (N, [%])

Winter (Dec–Feb)

36,661 [23.8]

36,320 [26.3]

p = 2.25 × 10−51

Spring (Mar–May)

44,380 [28.9]

32,135 [23.2]

p = 3.28 × 10−261

Summer (Jun–Aug)

33,474 [21.8]

32,405 [23.4]

p = 7.78 × 10−27

Fall (Sep–Nov)

39,314 [25.6]

37,498 [27.1]

p = 2.70 × 10−21

Outcomes

Vitamin D levels, in μg/l (mean, [SD])

26.7 [12.8]

26.0 [13.4]

p = 2.34 × 10−47

Vitamin D deficiency rate (N, [%])

48,056 [31.2]

48,692 [35.2]

p = 9.84 × 10−114

  1. Statistical comparisons of individual characteristics are based on two-sided Pearson χ2-tests for categorical variables and two-sided Welch’s t-tests for all numerical variables. No multiple comparison adjustment.
  2. SD standard deviation.
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