Fig. 4: Tiers of ambition for albedo accounting in carbon market protocols, depicting projected credit production across the 172 projects assessed.

Tier 1 incorporates albedo into project planning, and is represented by the total projected credits, in million metric tons CO₂, reported by the project descriptions of all 172 projects. Tier 2 introduces a threshold of albedo deduction beyond which projects would be ineligible (an “ineligibility threshold”), and shows two scenarios of ineligibility thresholds: 50% and 100%. Tier 3 builds on Tier 2 and discounts credits by the albedo deduction after removing ineligible projects based on the ineligibility threshold. Tier 4 builds on Tier 3 and allows crediting for albedo benefits. Tiers of ambition for albedo accounting in carbon market protocols © 2024 by Vin Reed is licensed under CC BY 4.0. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.