Table 1 Comparison of Tissue Damage Responses and Healing Processes in Selected Tissues

From: Aging: the wound that never starts healing

Organ

Inflammatory phase

Healing process

Skin

- Infiltration of immune cells

- accumulation of LDs

- inflammation

- induction of cellular senescence

- histolysis and debridement

- ECM remodeling

- Small and superficial injuries heal scarless, dermal injuries above certain size scar64

- Utilization of hair follicles and their stem cells23

Liver

- Healing reconstitutes original size without scars unless the damage response becomes chronic63

- The involvement of stem cells is most pronounced in cases of chronic injury28

Brain

- Involvement of neural stem cells largely ineffective30,100

- Healing of very little effectiveness; results in glia scar formation31

  1. This table provides a summary of the key features of the inflammatory phase and healing process in three organs: the skin, liver, and brain. It highlights both the commonalities observed during the inflammatory phase and the unique characteristics of each organ’s response to injury, including tissue remodeling, the role of stem cells, and the differences in regenerative capacity and scar formation among these organs.
Back to article page