Extended Data Fig. 10: Phenological plant development for eight crop species as single plants, in monocultures and in mixtures in Switzerland and Spain.
From: Diversity increases yield but reduces harvest index in crop mixtures
Boxplots show median (black dot), upper and lower quartile (box), maximum and minimum values (whiskers) and outliers (open circles). Three plant development stages for each of the eight crop species averaged over all treatments per country, per diversity level. The specific development stages are for oat: beginning of tillering, flowering (tip of inflorescence emerged from sheath), seeds with milk texture; for wheat: beginning of tillering, flowering, seeds milk ripe; for lentil: first true leaf unfolded, flowering, full seeds (seeds fill the pod cavities); lupin: stem elongation and bases of several leaves clearly separated from each other, flowering, green pods (septa split and filled with seeds); camelina: first true leaf unfolded, flowering, start of grain formation; linseed: first basal branches expanded, flowering, capsules expanded and seeds formed; coriander: first true coriander leaf unfolded, flowering, formation of green capsules; quinoa: first true leaves unfolded, flower buds in pyramids, start of grain formation.
