Extended Data Fig. 3: Crop plant diversity effects on seed yield and vegetative biomass.
From: Diversity increases yield but reduces harvest index in crop mixtures
Seed yield and vegetative biomass increases (in g m-2) compared with monocultures averaged over 24 different 2- and 16 different 4-species mixtures, respectively. For the complementarity effect (a) n = 1274 biomass partitions (seed vs vegetative) in plots, for the sampling effect (b) n = 1181 biomass partitions (seed vs vegetative) in plots. Data are mean and 95% CI. See Supporting Information Table 6 for the complete statistical analyses. In Switzerland, complementarity effects contributed 25% more than sampling effects to the net biodiversity effect on seed yield, while in Spain only sampling effects could be detected. Complementarity effects in Switzerland were 59% lower for seed yield than for vegetative biomass. Sampling effects were 70% and 83% lower for seed yield than for vegetative biomass in Spain and Switzerland, respectively.
