The tobacco rattle virus was engineered to express the RNA-guided TnpB enzyme ISYmu1 and guide RNA. This miniature CRISPR system enabled transgene-free germline genome editing in Arabidopsis thaliana without the need for tissue culture or plant transformation.
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References
Marton, I. et al. Nontransgenic genome modification in plant cells. Plant Physiol. 154, 1079–1087 (2010). This paper reports the use of meganuclease for transgene-free genome editing.
Honig, A. et al. Transient expression of virally delivered meganuclease in planta generates inherited genomic deletions. Mol. Plant 8, 1292–1294 (2015). This paper reports the use of zinc finger nucleases for transgene-free genome editing.
Nagalakshmi, U., Meier, N., Liu, J.-Y., Voytas, D. F. & Dinesh-Kumar, S. P. High-efficiency multiplex biallelic heritable editing in Arabidopsis using an RNA virus. Plant Physiol. 189, 1241–1245 (2022). This paper describes the agroflood TRV delivery method.
Ellison, E. E. et al. Multiplexed heritable gene editing using RNA viruses and mobile single guide RNAs. Nat. Plants 6, 620–624 (2020). This paper reports heritable genome editing using viral delivery of Cas9 gRNA.
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This is a summary of: Weiss, T. et al. Viral delivery of an RNA-guided genome editor for transgene-free germline editing in Arabidopsis. Nat. Plants https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-025-01989-9 (2025).
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Virus-induced genome editing using a miniature CRISPR system. Nat. Plants 11, 951–952 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-025-01990-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-025-01990-2