Table 4 Brain mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in ApoE-/- mice after BP- and/or cholesterol-lowering treatment.
Target | ApoE-/- young (4 months) | ApoE-/- aged (14 months) | ApoE-/- aged + hydralazine | ApoE-/- aged + simvastatin | ApoE-/- aged + hydralazine/simvastatin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whole brain | |||||
IL12 | 0.98 ± 0.18 | 16.84 ± 2.29* | 5.74 ± 2.04*& | 1.39 ± 0.39& | 6.15 ± 2.48* |
MCP-1 | 0.93 ± 0.19 | 9.11 ± 2.64* | 1.02 ± 0.13& | 1.32 ± 0.27 & | 2.75 ± 0.53*& |
TNF-α | 0.94 ± 0.09 | 7.33 ± 1.57* | 2.16 ± 0.38*& | 1.05 ± 0.28& | 2.19 ± 0.14*& |
IL6 | 1.14 ± 0.13 | 2.95 ± 0.15* | 2.130 ± 0.37* | 1.62 ± 0.15& | 2.17 ± 0.23* |
CXCL2 | 0.68 ± 0.17 | 29.32 ± 7.97* | 11.60 ± 7.85*& | 3.09 ± 2.15& | 31.55 ± 6.70* |
iNOS | 1.00 ± 0.17 | 3.06 ± 0.79* | 2.38 ± 0.58*& | 1.89 ± 0.48& | 2.59 ± 0.62* |
Cortex | |||||
IL12 | 1.02 ± 0.05 | 5.07 ± 1.15* | 1.57 ± 0.54& | 0.97 ± 0.40& | 0.99 ± 0.19& |
IL23 | 0.19 ± 0.11 | 1.16 ± 0.30* | 0.44 ± 0.16& | 0.09 ± 0.02& | 0.07 ± 0.03& |
Arg-1 | 0.38 ± 0.23 | 0.11 ± 0.06 | 0.51 ± 0.26 | 0.43 ± 0.14 | 0.21 ± 0.14 |
Hippocampus | |||||
IL12 | 1.35 ± 0.35 | 12.36 ± 3.84* | 6.74 ± 1.59 | 2.11 ± 0.43& | 10.90 ± 2.29* |
IL23 | 1.00 ± 0.54 | 10.21 ± 1.39* | 4.48 ± 0.57 | 1.89 ± 0.55& | 2.92 ± 0.95 |
Arg-1 | 6.41 ± 1.07 | 1.41 ± 0.35* | 0.83 ± 0.26* | 6.85 ± 2.89& | 1.19 ± 0.41* |