Table 5 Treatment differently affects microglia morphology in vivo.

Microglia morphology	ApoE^-/- young (4 months)	ApoE^-/- aged. (14 months)	ApoE^-/- aged + hydralazine	ApoE^-/- aged + simvastatin	ApoE^-/- aged + hydralazine/simvastatin
Hippocampus—CA1
Ramified	95.08 ± 1.25	86.24 ± 2.18	91.08 ± 1.53	72.69 ± 3.55^*&	85.01 ± 1.76^*
Intermediate	4.92 ± 1.25	13.18 ± 2.27	8.25 ± 1.44	24.88 ± 3.26^*&	13.18 ± 2.17
Activated	0	0.58 ± 0.39	0.66 ± 0.35	2.43 ± 0.75^*	1.82 ± 0.47
Hippocampus—DG
Ramified	90.97 ± 1.65	73.04 ± 4.53^*	81.27 ± 2.69	66.51 ± 3.27^*	59.25 ± 6.12^*
Intermediate	9.03 ± 1.64	25.61 ± 4.69^*	16.31 ± 2.73	28.38 ± 2.18^*	22.13 ± 3.86
Activated	0	1.36 ± 0.66	2.42 ± 0.71	5.11 ± 1.84	18.61 ± 5.98^*&
Cortex
Ramified	93.10 ± 0.59	85.30 ± 1.88	88.08 ± 2.14	66.39 ± 4.30^*&	80.51 ± 2.14^*
Intermediate	6.90 ± 0.59	13.70 ± 2.12	10.28 ± 1.80	30.51 ± 4.18^*&	15.17 ± 1.87
Activated	0	0.99 ± 0.32	1.64 ± 0.63	3.10 ± 1.00	4.32 ± 0.79^*

Morphological quantification of immune-stained Iba-1+ cells in hippocampus regions (CA1 and DG) and cortex classified into Ramified (resting state), Intermediate and Round (active state). ApoE apolipoprotein E, CA cornu ammonis, DG dentate gyrus, Iba-1 ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1. Values are expressed as mean (of all Iba-1 + cells per type) ± SEM of N = 3 tissues samples for young and aged + combination treatment; N = 4 tissues samples for aged control and simvastatin treatment; N = 5 tissues samples for hydralazine treatment where N denotes number of independent biological replicates. For CA1 and DG, * denotes P ≤ 0.05 relative to young control, & denotes P ≤ 0.05 relative to aged control after one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc testing; for cortex, * denotes P ≤ 0.05 relative to young control, & denotes P ≤ 0.05 relative to aged control after Kruskal Wallis followed by Dunn’s post hoc testing.

Quick links

Search