Fig. 4: User interface of digital twins.

The user interface of a sample digital twin that enables proactive health management by providing actionable insights and fostering engagement. In the left panel, a subject with declining MFS over a period of a few months receives poor digital-twin predicted outcomes (red/yellow remarks for biomarkers) for an array of biomarkers. In contrast, digital twin predicts optimal (green remarks for biomarkers) relevant biomarkers for a physically active subject with excellent MFS. MFS metabolic flexibility score, ApoA apolipoprotein A, ApoB apolipoprotein B, HbA1C hemoglobin A1C, IL-6 interleukin-6, CRP C-reactive protein.