Fig. 1
From: Bacillus subtilis biofilm development in the presence of soil clay minerals and iron oxides

Biofilm formation of B. subtilis at differernt time intervals in supplement with different clay minerals. a Pellicles with wrinkles were showed for control (Ctrl), montmorillonite (Mon), kaolinite (Kao), and goethite (Goe) at 0, 24, 36, 48, and 60 h as indicated on the left/top, respectively. b Quantitive assessment of biofilm formation as determined by crystal violet assays