Fig. 4 | npj Biofilms and Microbiomes

Fig. 4

From: Citrullination mediated by PPAD constrains biofilm formation in P. gingivalis strain 381

Fig. 4

Deletion of the gene encoding PPAD results in increased matrix production. 381 and Δ8820 colony biofilms grown on plates were imaged by Cryo-SEM. Bacterial cells were visible on the surface and within 381 colony biofilms. The surface of Δ8820 colony biofilms were smooth and cells within the biofilms were coated or encased in a matrix-like substance. Scale bar: (top left) 10 µm, (top middle) 5 µm, (top right) 1 µm, (bottom left) 20 µm, (bottom middle) 20 µm, (bottom right) 2 µm

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