Fig. 2: The microbiome in peri-implantitis patients is site specific and peri-implantitis sites are microbially consistent across individuals.

a Ordination plot (MDS) of peri-implantitis and healthy metagenomic samples (main and contralateral) based on the Bray–Curtis distances highlights the clustering of healthy contralateral samples in peri-implantitis with the samples from healthy individuals. b Ordination analysis as per a obtained using microbial gene family abundances instead of taxonomic profiles. c Beta-diversities estimated with the Bray–Curtis dissimilarity metric for intra- and inter-condition comparisons in the diseased and healthy conditions estimated using the taxonomic microbial composition and d the functional microbial gene family composition. p values were obtained by two-tailed Wilcoxon signed-rank test and reported if considered significant (<0.05). Estimations of the intra-subject beta-diversity are performed using the main site and the contralateral samples.