Fig. 4: Functional diversity of the vaginal microbiome.

Gene functions are divided into three higher-level functional categories based on Gene Ontology classification with both α- (a) and β-diversity (b) measures of identified content shown. Significant differences are highlighted by an asterisk where p-value was <0.05 as calculated by KruskalāWallis. Significant differences in β-diversity were determined by PERMANOVA analysis. Ellipses are generated using stat_ellipse function in R. The top seven species across all samples are labelled to highlight drivers of variation for clusters with black arrows to indicate the directionality.