Fig. 4: Non-canonical base pairs are a feature of networked eDNA.

Representative solid-state 2D 1H–15N through-space heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) spectrum of 15N-labelled eDNA gel isolate in double-distilled water (2 mg), including direct N–H coupling region only, at T = 25 °C with no pre-heating (A) and with pre-heating to 65 °C (B). 15N-labelled cDNA extracted from P. aeruginosa biofilms in double-distilled water before (green) and after (gold) receiving the same treatment as the eDNA (C), indicating the loss of non-canonical base pairings, triads or tetrads in the gel isolate upon heating and their absence in cDNA. Solid outlines indicate Watson–Crick base pairing and dotted outlines indicate non-canonical base pairing.