Fig. 4: Probiotic yogurt altered fecal and serum metabolomes after 12 weeks of intervention.

DIABLO sample plots comparing the fecal and serum metabolites before and after yogurt intervention. a Separation of fecal metabolome between the baseline and intervention groups after 12 weeks of probiotic yogurt intervention, as shown using DIABLO. n = 6 in each group. b Separation of serum metabolome between the baseline and intervention groups after 12 weeks of probiotic yogurt intervention, as shown using DIABLO. n = 6 in each group. Each point in figures a and b represents an individual sample. c Procrustes analysis of fecal metabolome versus serum metabolome. Fecal and serum samples are shown as blue and orange dots, respectively; fecal and serum samples from the same individuals are connected by red (baseline) and cyan (intervention) lines. The top 50 differential metabolites (d) and differential serum metabolites (e) between groups before and after probiotic yogurt intervention. The differential abundance of fecal and serum metabolites between the two groups was evaluated using Student’s t test.