Fig. 1: Cabbage yield and fungal community composition in the filed experiment.

Long-term field experimental design (a). Cabbage yields of different treatments (mean ± SE) (b). Fungal richness (richness, c) and diversity (Shannon, d) indices of different treatments. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordinations of the fungal community based on the Bray–Curtis distance metric across all soil samples (e). Multiple regression tree (MRT) analysis of the treatment effects on the fungal community composition (f). The error, cross-validation error (CV error), and standard error (SE) of the MRT analysis are listed under the tree. CK control, CF chemical fertilizer treatment, SOF sterilized organic fertilizer treatment, OF: organic fertilizer treatment, SOF + T: T. guizhouense NJAU4742 inoculated sterilized organic fertilizer treatment; and OF + T: T. guizhouense NJAU4742 inoculated organic fertilizer treatment. Asterisks indicate significant differences between bio-organic fertilizer treatments (SOF + T and OF + T) and organic fertilizer treatments (SOF and OF) as determined by the t test (***P < 0.001; n = 6). Different letters indicate a significant difference at the 0.05 probability level according to Tukey’s test (n = 3). Box plot displays the first and third quartile, with the horizontal bar at the median and whiskers showing the most extreme data point, which is no >1.5 times the interquartile range from the box.