Fig. 5: Biofilm formation is enhanced in response to fermentable carbohydrates.
A Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of LGG grown in solid TSB (control) and TSB supplemented with glucose (1% W/V). The colonies were incubated at 37 °C in an environment enriched with CO2 for 3 days. B, D LGG cells were diluted 1:100 into fresh TSB medium or TSB supplemented with glucose (1% W/V), mannose (1% W/V), raffinose (1% W/V), or TSB medium supplemented with glucose (1% W/V) + buffer. 200 μL of cultures were split into a 96-well polystyrene plate and further incubated at 37 °C. Crystal violet assay assessed the biofilm formation of LGG after 72 h. Graph represents the mean ± SD from three biological repeats (n = 30). C, E LGG cells were diluted 1:100 into a fresh TSB medium or TSB supplemented with glucose (1% W/V), mannose (1% W/V), raffinose (1% W/V), or TSB medium supplemented with glucose (1% W/V) + buffer. 1.5 mL of cultures were split into a 12-polystyrene plate and further incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. The upper growth media was removed and OD600 measured. The remaining biofilm biomass was diluted in fresh TSB and OD600 measured. Y axis represents the ratio of OD600 (planktonic/biofilm biomass). Graph represents the mean ± SD from three biological repeats (n = 12). All statistical analysis was performed using Brown-Forsythe and Welch’s ANOVA with Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparisons test. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
