Fig. 1: Rifaximin improved liver fibrosis and hyperammonemia in a murine model of liver cirrhosis. | npj Biofilms and Microbiomes

Fig. 1: Rifaximin improved liver fibrosis and hyperammonemia in a murine model of liver cirrhosis.

From: Akkermansia muciniphila in the small intestine improves liver fibrosis in a murine liver cirrhosis model

Fig. 1

A Quantification of the area of liver fibrosis in the liver cirrhosis (LC) group (n = 10) and control group (n = 10). Representative microscopic images of liver tissues stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Azan from each group are shown. Scale bars: 100 µm. B Blood ammonia concentrations in the LC and control groups. C Study design to assess the impact of rifaximin (RFX) on the gut microbiota. D Quantification of the area of liver fibrosis in the LC-no treatment (NTx) group (n = 19), the LC-RFX group (n = 18), and the control-NTx group (n = 19). Representative microscopic images of liver tissues from the LC-NTx and LC-RFX groups are shown. Scale bars: 100 µm. E Blood ammonia concentrations in the LC-NTx, LC-RFX, and control-NTx groups. F Correlation analysis of the area of liver fibrosis and blood ammonia concentration in the LC-NTx, LC-RFX, and control-NTx groups. G mRNA expression in the liver tissues of the LC-NTx, LC-RFX, and control-NTx groups. H Endotoxin concentrations in the portal veins in the LC-NTx, LC-RFX, and control-NTx groups. Data are means ± standard errors of the means (circle: male; triangle: female). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, Mann–Whitney U test for two groups, Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn’s test for three groups. Correlation analysis was performed with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.

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