Fig. 3: Gut microbial signatures across common diseases.

a Overall representation of the 277 universal gut microbial signatures. Colored stars represent the species that enriched in cases (red) and controls (green). Only species with known genus-level taxa are shown. b Heatmap showing the fold changes in the abundances of some representative gut species within 40 case-control comparisons. Fold change < 0, enriched in cases; fold change > 0, enriched in controls. Wilcoxon rank-sum test: *q < 0.05; **q < 0.01; ***q < 0.001.