Fig. 9
From: Mechanisms of S. agalactiae promoting G. vaginalis biofilm formation leading to recurrence of BV

Interaction mechanism in GBS and GV dual-species biofilm (SAM: S-Adenosyl methionine): In GBS and GV dual-species biofilms, GBS enhanced the expression of luxS genes and produced large amounts of AI-2 by sensing the increase in GV density. GV, upon receiving the AI-2 signals, up-regulate the expression of murG and GAVG_RS05105 genes, which promotes biofilm formation, thus affecting the recurrence of BV.