Fig. 3: Plasma metabolites derived from quercetin are associated with athero-protective effects.
From: Gut microbes modulate the effects of the flavonoid quercetin on atherosclerosis
A Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) plot based on the data derived from the targeted metabolomics of plasma in the ConvR mice and the GF mice. (n = 8 in the ConvR/HPP high-MAC group, n = 8 in the ConvR/high-MAC + Q group, n = 7 in the GF/high-MAC group, n = 7 in the GF/high-MAC + Q group, n = 6 in the ConvR/low-MAC group, n = 6 in the ConvR/low-MAC + Q group). B Volcano plot of metabolites in the ConvR/high-MAC vs ConvR/high-MAC + Q group, with log-transformed adjusted P values and fold changes. Red circles; increased in the ConvR/high-MAC + Q group. Blue circles; increased in the ConvR/high-MAC group. C The values for 3,4-DHBA and its sulfate, benzoylglutamic acid, and phenylacetic acid were expressed as box-and-whisker plots. Significance was calculated by two-way ANOVA with the Benjamini–Hochberg correction as follows: *P value of <0.05; **P value of <0.01; ***P value of <0.001. D Correlation of phenols with atherosclerotic plaque area. Pearson’s rho and P values were calculated by Pearson correlation coefficient. MAC microbiota-accessible carbohydrates, ConvR conventionally raised, GF germ-free, Q quercetin, 3,4-DHBA 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid.
