Table 2 Specific microorganism changes linked to multiple cardiometabolic diseases

Fusobacterium

Oral/Gut

↑

Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperlipidemia, Atherosclerosis

^{71,86,88,100,128}

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Oral/Gut

↑

Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Atherosclerosis,MAFLD

^{68,80,84,110,123}

Streptococcus

Oral/Gut

↑

Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Atherosclerosis

^71,80,127

Oral

↓

Hyperlipidemia

¹⁰⁰

Veillonella

Oral/Gut

↑

Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Atherosclerosis

^69,80,100

Prevotella

Oral/Gut

↑

Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus,MAFLD

^{69,71,80,109,190}

Lactobacillus

Oral/Gut

↑

Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus

^71,80,88