Fig. 2: Overview of microbiome composition and function in the DMP population.

a Phylum-level composition of all samples in the population, sorted by the abundance of phylum Firmicutes. Each vertical line indicates one sample. b Relative abundances of the top 10 MetaCyc pathways of all samples. Each vertical line indicates one sample. c Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of all samples using species-level Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, colored by the value of the Shannon index. The basic characteristics and Shannon diversity index were fitted onto PCoA ordinations by the envfit function in R. The length of the arrow indicates the strength of the correlation between variables and the vector projections in the ordination plot and arrows point to the direction in which variables change most rapidly. d Bacteroides vulgatus (synonym Phocaeicola vulgatus) showed the strongest Spearman correlation with the first principal coordinate. e Ruminococcus gnavus showed the strongest Spearman correlation with the second principal coordinate.