Fig. 5: L. plantarum 21790 and B. longum 6188 effectively inhibit carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) in vitro and in vivo.
A Experimental design for CRKP in different concentrations of supernatant of probiotics in vitro. L. plantarum 21790 cultured with DeMan, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) medium, and B. longum 6188 cultured with Reinforced Clostridium Medium (RCM). B, C The inhibitory effects of supernatant from L. plantarum 21790 culture mediums on two clinical CRKP isolates (K. pneumoniae 020120 (B) and 020003 (C) demonstrated a significant concentration-dependent response. D, E The inhibitory effects of supernatant from B. longum 6188 culture mediums on two clinical CRKP isolates (K. pneumoniae 020120 (D) and 020003 (E)) demonstrated a significant concentration-dependent response. F Experimental design for the co-culture of probiotics and CRKP in filtered supernatant of healthy stool. An ex vitro model using a healthy donor gut microbiome (BLK) was employed. K. pneumoniae 020003 was introduced into this system (CON), alongside the supplement of L. plantarum 21790 (LPCO), B. longum 6188 (BLCO), or both strains concurrently (COPR). G Both L. plantarum 21790 and B. longum 6188 exert significant inhibitory effects on CRKP. H Experimental design for effects of probiotics on decolonization of CRKP in vivo. K. pneumoniae 020003 into mice after 1 week of treatment with meropenem (MEM) in water, and mice were supplemented with PBS (Ctl), 1.0 × 109 CFU/ml of L. plantarum 21790 (LP), or B. longum 6188 (BL). I–L The CRKP decolonization effects of L. plantarum 21790 (BL) and L. plantarum 21790 (LP) on days 12 (I), 14 (J), 18 (K), and 25 (L). A reusable two-factor analysis of variances was used for comparison between different concentration groups and the control group.
