Fig. 6: Distinct co-occurrence patterns of L1 and L5 with other bacteria.

The microbial co-occurrence network, constructed from 67 faecal microbiomes, depicts significant correlations (p < 0.05 and absolute correlation coefficient >0.4) among L1, L5 and bacterial species correlating with either lineage. Nodes represent L1, L5 or microbial species, scaled by node degree. Edges denote significant associations, with thickness referring to correlation strength. Species of interest are highlighted as indicated. Detailed correlation data are provided in Supplementary Data 5.