Table 1 Polarization dependent bulk (charge, spin, and orbital) photovoltaic conductivities.

From: Pure bulk orbital and spin photocurrent in two-dimensional ferroelectric materials

Polarization

\(P_{ + y}\)

\(P_{ - y}\)

\(P_{ + x}\)

\(P_{ - x}\)

Mirror

\(\hat {\cal{M}}_x\)

\(\hat {\cal{M}}_x\)

\(\hat {\cal{M}}_y\)

\(\hat {\cal{M}}_y\)

LPL

\(\sigma _{{\mathrm{LPL}}}^{x;{\cal{O}}_z}\) (IC)

\(- \sigma _{{\mathrm{LPL}}}^{x;{\cal{O}}_z}\) (IC)

\(\sigma _{{\mathrm{LPL}}}^x\) (SC)

\(- \sigma _{{\mathrm{LPL}}}^x\) (SC)

CPL

\(\sigma _\eta ^x = - \sigma _{ - \eta }^x\) (IC)

\(- \sigma _\eta ^x = \sigma _{ - \eta }^x\) (IC)

\(\sigma _\eta ^{x;{\cal{O}}_z} = - \sigma _{ - \eta }^{x;{\cal{O}}_z}\) (SC)

\(- \sigma _\eta ^{x;{\cal{O}}_z} = \sigma _{ - \eta }^{x;{\cal{O}}_z}\) (SC)

  1. We only list current along x. Here, \(\eta\) represents left- or right-handed CPL. Polarization of LPL is along x or y. All eight different types of photocurrents can be realized under light and ferroicity. Symbols SC and IC indicate shift and injection current, respectively. For the y-directional currents, one can apply a 90°-rotation to yield similar results.